How to Grow Celery in Your Garden (2024)

How to Grow Celery in Your Garden (1)

Celery grows to a height of 18 to 24 inches and is composed of leaf topped stalks arranged in a cone that are joined at a common base. The stalks have a crunchy texture and a delicate, but mildly salty taste. It is a biennial vegetable that belongs to the Umbelliferae family whose other members include carrots, fennel, parsley and dill. While many people associate celery with its prized stalks, the leaves and roots can also be used as a food or seasoning as well as a natural medicine.

Recommended Celery Varieties

Utah and Pascal are two varieties that remain green when ready for eating and are considered to be the finest quality.

How to Grow Celery

Soils

Celery prefers fertile, well drained, organic sandy soils with lots of organic matter for best growth. Most Utah soils will grow celery with proper site preparation.

Soil Preparation

Celery has a small root system and is a poor nutrient forager, so there needs to be a good supply of nutrients in the soil. Before planting, determine fertilizer needs with a soil test and then follow the recommendations given with the test report. If fertilizer applications are warranted, work the fertilizer into the top 6 inches of soil. If you fertilize with compost, apply no more than 1 inch of well-composted organic matter per 100 square feet of garden area. Use a complete fertilizer with a high ratio of potassium (4-4-8).

Plants

Celery is generally transplanted. Transplants should have 3-4 mature leaves and a well-established root system, before they are planted in the garden. In areas with very long growing seasons, seed may be planted directly in the garden and later transplanted at the appropriate spacing.

Planting and Spacing

Celery is started from seed planted around February 1st and then transplant to April or early May depending on your area. Space the rows 2 feet apart and the plants 12 inches apart in the row. A tight planting helps force tall growth and long petioles.

Mulches

Black plastic mulch warms the soil, conserves soil water and helps control weeds. Plastic mulches allow earlier planting which is necessary for a crop such as celery. You can also mulch with compost to control weeds and help retain moisture.

Row Covers

Hot caps, plastic tunnels and fabric covers will protect young transplants from frost and cooler temperatures. Row covers also stimulate early growth and bigger plants. Celery is very susceptible to early and late season frosts so some protection is advisable.

Water

Good watering is essential to successful celery production. Celery needs at least 1 to 2 inches of water from rainfall or irrigation each week during the growing season. Always soak the soil thoroughly when watering because celery has a small, shallow root system. Any water stress during the year causes the stalks to become stringy and gives them a strong flavor. Celery is crisper and tenderer if watered regularly especially prior to harvesting. One of the most efficient ways to water celery is to use drip irrigation.

Fertilization

In addition to the fertilizer used at planting, celery responds to additional fertilizer to produce optimum yields. Side dress with nitrogen at ¼ cup (21-0-0) per 10 feet of row at 4 and 8 weeks after transplanting.

Problems with Growing Celery

Weeds

Due to celery’s slow growth and small root system, it does not compete well with weeds. Frequent, shallow cultivation will control weeds and keep the soil surface loose. The roots of the celery are very close to the surface, so do not cultivate too deeply. Organic mulches will keep weed growth in check and help retain soil moisture.

Insects and Diseases

Insects Identification Control
Aphids Green or black soft-bodied insects that feed on underside of leaves. Leaves become crinkled and curled. Use insecticidal soaps, appropriate insecticides, or strong water stream to dislodge insects.
Diseases Identification Control
Powdery Mildew White fungal patches start on older leaves which will eventually die. The disease eventually spreads to all plant parts. Plant resistant varieties. Use appropriate fungicides for control and water so the leaves have time to dry during the day.
Black Heart Black discoloration of leaves in the center of the plant. Affected tissue eventually dies. Injury occurs gradually and is not visible until later in the season. This nutrient imbalance is a localize deficiency of calcium which is essential for cell development. Control black heart applying calcium rich fertilizers to the soil. Use bone meal, blood meal, or calcium sprays. Avoiding water stress is a good way to minimize this problem.

Harvest and Storage

Harvest celery stalks by removal of the outer petioles when they are a foot or more in length. Whole plants are ready to use when they are 3 inches or more in diameter. The inner stalks are the most tender and taste the best uncooked. Celery harvested in hot, dry weather may be tough, stringy, and bitter. Store harvested celery in the refrigerator for up to 2 weeks.

Celery Plant Productivity

Plant 5-10 celery plants per person for fresh and storage purposes.

Celery Nutrition

Celery has no calories and is a source of important vitamins and minerals. Celery has been reported to reduce blood pressure, support the immune system, lower cholesterol, and help prevent cancer.

Frequently Asked Questions

My celery has a black spot in the center of the plant, what is it?

This is called blackheart. Refer to the disease section above for treatment.

What temperatures are best for celery?

The minimum temperature for celery is 36ºF, but if exposed to cool temperatures for several weeks the plants will flower. The ideal temperature is 55-65ºF. When temperatures go above 85ºF, water the plants more frequently to minimize stress and fiber development.

Why doesn’t my celery seed germinate uniformly?

Celery germinates better if you soak the seeds in water and change the water every day. The seed contains natural germination inhibitors that soaking helps leach away.

Published April 2020
Utah State University Extension
Peer-reviewed fact sheet

Download PDF

Authors

Brandon West and Dan Drost

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How to Grow Celery in Your Garden (2024)

FAQs

How to Grow Celery in Your Garden? ›

When growing celery, the soil must be consistently moist, not soggy. If celery dries out, it can be stringy, bitter, and bolt. Mulching the soil after planting helps keep celery from drying out. I use garden grids to water my garden with excellent results.

What is the trick to growing celery? ›

Celery needs at least 1 to 2 inches of water from rainfall or irrigation each week during the growing season. Always soak the soil thoroughly when watering because celery has a small, shallow root system. Any water stress during the year causes the stalks to become stringy and gives them a strong flavor.

What is the best fertilizer for celery? ›

Use a complete fertilizer with a high ratio of potassium (4-4-8). Plants: Celery is generally transplanted. Transplants should have 3-4 mature leaves and a well-established root system, before they are planted in the garden.

What not to plant near celery? ›

Don't plant root crops, such as carrots, parsnips, and potatoes nearby. Celery has a shallow root system that can be damaged when a root crop is harvested. Corn is also not a good choice. It is a heavy feeder and can deplete the soil of the nutrients that celery needs, and the tall plants block too much sunlight.

Does celery like full sun or shade? ›

Celery likes six hours of sun a day, but plant it in a place where it will be shaded during the hottest part of the day. Celery requires regular fertilization and plenty of water. Keep the soil evenly moist. Celery does best in soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0.

How often should you water celery? ›

Celery is 95% water by weight, and needs more water than most vegetables. It's a marshland plant, so it prefers consistent moisture. That means you'll need to water it each day (for temperatures reaching above 70° F) or every other day (for temperatures averaging below 70° F).

Are coffee grounds good for celery? ›

Like most vegetables, celery needs fertile, well-amended soil to thrive. Savio recommends spreading 1 to 2 inches each of compost and cow or steer manure, topped with an inch or so coffee grounds — her personal secret sauce for mulching and enriching her garden soil.

Does celery like Epsom salt? ›

Otherwise, mix a combination of epsom salt, bone meal, and blood meal into your soil to make sure celery has the nutrients it needs to grow strong. Ensure adequate calcium to avoid the disease black heart.

What do you feed celery plants? ›

Celery plants like full sun and rich garden soil. Celery takes more nutrients than most garden plants as well as more water. Add plenty of compost and mulch around the plants to help retain moisture. You can add a general purpose fertilizer as you work the soil before planting, and fertilize regularly.

What do you put around celery when growing? ›

Keep plants well watered and fed to avoid stress, otherwise you will end up with dry, fibrous stalks. To maximise growing space in a pot, try sowing baby lettuce or microgreens around the celery. Take care not to overcrowd as the plants will compete for nutrients.

Can I plant celery next to tomatoes? ›

You can grow tomatoes and celery together, they have similar soil and nutrient requirements and are not affected by the same diseases. However, you should make sure that the soil is well supplied with nutrients, as both plants are heavy feeders.

Can celery get too much sun? ›

You can grow celery in full or part sun, but getting the balance right between adequate sunlight for healthy growth and too much of a good thing can be tricky. For the best flavor and texture, grow plants in full sun in winter and protect them from the strong afternoon sun in the height of summer.

What is the secret to growing celery? ›

The key to success with celery is plenty of water throughout the growing season. If the soil dries out, the stems won't swell and will be very stringy. Take care when tending celery, as it can cause a skin rash – it may be best to wear gloves and long sleeves.

Why should you eat celery at night? ›

As per research, celery contains a unique compound called 3-n-butylphthalide (BuPh) that reportedly has lipid-lowering powers (cholesterol is a lipid). BuPh also has a calming effect on our central nervous system that may help promote better sleep.

Where is the best place to plant celery? ›

Celery loves a nutritious soil that has been enriched with plenty of compost or well-rotted manure. Wild celery grows in boggy ground, so you'll need to ensure consistent moisture for this thirsty vegetable, while a sunny spot should ensure good, even growth.

Why are my celery stalks so thin? ›

Thin Celery Growing Problems

Harvesting too early- First and foremost, celery requires a lengthy maturation period of 130-140 days. Obviously, if you're harvesting celery earlier than that, the celery plants are not yet thick enough, as they are still immature. Also, celery is susceptible to frost, even a light one.

Should I prune my celery plant? ›

Celery, a biennial often grown as an annual, thrives in USDA zones 6-10. Its growth cycle dictates when to wield the shears. Prune during spring or fall, aligning with the plant's natural growth spurts.

What does celery like to be planted with? ›

Plants That Grow Well with Celery
  • Beans.
  • Leeks.
  • Onions.
  • Members of the cabbage family.
  • Spinach.
  • Tomatoes.
May 26, 2022

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