6 Secrets to Starting Your First Vegetable Garden Off Right (2024)

Vegetable gardening at home can be a way to save money while you get up close and personal with nature. For example, even just one tomato plant can be super affordable—think $3 to $5—and provide up to 10 pounds of tomatoes over the season, which otherwise can easily run you $20 or more. Growing tomatoes and other favorite vegetables or herbs from seeds can save you even more money. You'll also find that the flavor and texture of garden-grown produce is even better than what you're used to finding at the grocery store. Plus, tending your vegetable garden counts as exercise! Dig into these tips and tricks to get your vegetable garden off to a strong start.

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1. Start with a Small Space

If you're a beginner gardener, start small. It's better to be thrilled by what you produce in a small garden than be frustrated by the time commitment a big one requires. It's also best to learn a few gardening basics before investing tons of time and money in this new hobby. You'll get a feeling for how much time gardening takes. You'll find out if you like spending time outside planting, watering, and weeding. You'll also learn how much produce you and your family can eat over the course of a summer.

A good size for a beginner's vegetable garden is 6x6 feet. Select up to five types of vegetables to grow, and plant a few of each type. You'll get plenty of fresh produce for your summer meals, and it will be easy to keep up with the chores. Growing vegetables in containers is also a good way to start out. With them, you don't even need a yard; a sunny deck or balcony work fine.

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2. Grow What You Love to Eat

What do you like to eat? Your answer will tell you what you should plant in your vegetable garden. There are also a few other things to keep in mind when deciding what you want to grow.

Be Picky About Varieties

Pay close attention to the description on the seed packet, tag, or label. Each variety of vegetable comes with certain characteristics. Some produce smaller plants ideal for containers or small gardens. Other varieties offer better disease resistance, improved yields, or better heat- or cold-tolerance. Start by choosing veggies you like to eat, then look into their sizes and care needs.

Productivity

Think about how much you and your family will eat and how likely you are to freeze, can, or give away excess produce. Then be realistic about how many seeds or plants you need to put into the ground. Many beginners make the mistake of planting too much. Vegetables like tomatoes, peppers, and squash keep providing throughout the season, so you may not need many plants to serve your needs. Other vegetables, such as carrots, radishes, and corn, can be harvested only once and then would need to be replanted.

Successive Crops

Planting both cool- and warm-weather vegetables will give you a harvest of vegetables and herbs continuously through the spring, summer, and fall. In early spring, grow lettuce, greens (such as arugula), peas, radishes, carrots, and broccoli. After you've harvested your cool-weather crops, plant hot-weather favorites, such as tomatoes, peppers, eggplant, and herbs. In fall, you can harvest potatoes, cabbage, and kale.

Test Garden Tip: By planting vining crops like green beans and peas, you make use of vertical space in the garden and boost yield per square foot.

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3. Choose the Spot for Your Garden

No matter where you put your garden or what you decide to plant, there are two basic requirements that your location needs to meet for the best success: water and light.

Lots of Sunlight Is a Must

Like all plants, vegetables need the sun to kick-start photosynthesis. The fastest-growing vegetables need full sun—at least 6 to 8 hours of direct sunlight a day—without blockage from trees, shrubs, or fences. That's why you won't have much success if you plant sun-loving vegetables in shady spaces.

If your yard provides partial shade, plant vegetables and herbs that tolerate those conditions, such as lettuce, kale, chard, spinach, chives, cilantro, parsley, and thyme. Root vegetables like carrots, radishes, and beets might also work if your site gets at least 4 hours of direct sunlight a day. Or if you have a sunny patio, switch to container gardening. That way you can place sun-loving vegetables and herbs such as tomatoes, cucumbers, beans, basil, dill, and rosemary, where they'll do well.

Think About Convenient Water Access

The closer you can site your plot to a water source, the better. You'll need to be able to water frequently during the first few weeks after seeds germinate or seedlings are transplanted to help these fragile plants produce strong roots and stems. Once your plants are established, it's better to give your garden a long drink every few days rather than a little sprinkle every day. Then the water will move deeper into the soil, which encourages roots to grow deeper, where they're better able to access nutrients they need to stay healthy. Consider installing soaker houses or drip irrigation on a timer to help minimize water waste and the time you need to spend watering.

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4. Plan Your Vegetable Garden Layout

Choose either row cropping or intensive cropping—there are benefits to each!—when you plan your vegetable garden's layout.

Row Cropping

Place plants single file in rows at least 18 inches apart so you can walk easily between them. This approach makes the most sense for large vegetable gardens because rows make it easier to use mechanical equipment, such as tillers, to battle weeds. The downside is that space set aside for footpaths cuts down on the number of vegetables you can plant.

Test Garden Tip: Tall plants generally do well on the north side of the garden. This includes naturally tall plants that can be grown on vertical supports, including peas, cucumbers, and beans. Save money by making your own A-frame trellis for growing vegetables.

Intensive Cropping

Boost your garden's productivity with intensive cropping, which means that you space two or three plants close together in a bed about 4 feet wide (aka a wide row). Seeds are sown or transplants are placed so that their leaves will barely touch at maturity. This approach, which uses almost every square inch of the prepared soil, works well for most types of vegetables, excluding the ones that vine such as cucumbers. The downside of this method is that you have to weed by hand because the plants grow so close together.

The square-foot method, in which you subdivide a raised 4x4-foot garden bed into 1-foot squares using a physical grid—such as lattice strips—is a specialized version of intensive cropping. You'll need 8 cubic feet of top-quality garden soil to fill such a bed with 6-inch-high sides. The planting formula is simple: 1 extra-large plant per 1x1-foot square; 4 large plants per square; 9 medium plants per square; and 16 small plants per square. Mix and match at will.

5. Start Plants in Rich Soil

For the best harvest, your vegetable garden needs the best soil you can give it. Rich, healthy soil is something you know when you feel it: It's easy to dig and drains well. Pick up a trowel's worth and put it in your hands. Does it feel gritty? Too much sand. Is it powdery? Too much silt. Is it sticky when wet? Too much clay. The combination of these three types, and in which specific proportions, determines the texture of your garden soil. That texture affects drainage and the availability of nutrients.

You want soil that is dark, crumbly, and literally full of life. Fortunately, no matter what the texture may be, all soil can be improved over time by incorporating organic matter into it. Take sandy soils, for instance. They're made up of large soil particles, so water and nutrients run through gaps relatively quickly. Adding organic matter—typically compost—to sandy soil helps fill in the spaces between sand particles, which helps retain both moisture and nutrients for plants to use.

Clay soils are just the opposite. They contain very small, densely packed particles that hold moisture but don't allow much air space for plant roots. Compost helps separate those tiny clay particles so water can drain more freely and plant roots can get needed oxygen. If it's not clear which type of soil you have, send a sample to a state-certified soil-testing lab for analysis.

Additionally, testing the soil where you want to grow food will reveal important details such as pH and nutrient levels. Knowing what you're starting with is essential for figuring out what types of soil amendments you may need to add and how much so you avoid waste or not adding enough.

To prepare your soil for planting, spread any needed amendments like compost and work them into the soil with a tiller or spade. Avoid stepping on freshly tilled soil or you'll compact it and undo all your hard work. Then rake the surface smooth and water thoroughly. Allow the bed to rest several days before you plant so the soil amendments can do their work.

Test Garden Tip: Raised garden beds are an easy option if you have poor soil. Build the raised beds on the existing lawn by lining the bottom of frames with several layers of newspaper, then filling with soil. That way, you don't have to do as much digging.

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6. Be Ready for Pests and Diseases

Some problems require special solutions, but in general, follow these guidelines for keeping pests away from your veggies.

Stop Weeds in Their Tracks

Weeds compete with your vegetables for light, water, and nutrients, so it's important to keep them to a minimum. A mulch of clean straw or compost can keep weeds at bay around larger plants like tomatoes. Use a hoe to discourage any weed seedlings that do pop up.

Keep Animals Out

Big pests, such as deer and rabbits, can wreak havoc in an edible garden. It takes an 8-foot-tall fence to keep deer from jumping into the garden. A fence needs to extend 6 inches beneath the soil to stop rabbits and other burrowing critters from digging their way in.

Deter Destructive Insects

Picking off large insects and caterpillars by hand and dropping them into a bucket of soapy water is a safe, effective way to deal with limited infestations. For bigger quantities of insects, try insecticidal soap sprays that you can find at most garden centers. Whichever pest-control chemicals you use, carefully follow the manufacturers' directions.

Fight Fungal Diseases

Reduce the likelihood of fungal diseases by watering the soil, not the leaves of the plants. If you use a sprinkler, do it early in the day so the leaves will dry by nightfall. If a plant falls prey to a disease, promptly remove it and throw it in the trash; don't add sick plants to your compost pile. Additional disease preventatives include growing vegetable varieties listed as disease-resistant and changing the location of your plants each year (crop rotation) to reduce disease-causing microbes from building up their populations.

6 Secrets to Starting Your First Vegetable Garden Off Right (2024)

FAQs

6 Secrets to Starting Your First Vegetable Garden Off Right? ›

Prepare the Soil

Use a spading fork or shovel to dig and loosen the soil and break up large chunks of dirt. Rake your garden area and remove grass, weeds, rocks, roots and other debris. Mix in some fresh garden soil with a hoe.

What are 5 things you should do to prepare a good veggie garden? ›

To help you on your road to planning your first vegetable garden, here are a few key things you ought to know:
  1. You need an area with good sunlight. ...
  2. The soil you use is important. ...
  3. You need to invest in garden supplies. ...
  4. You can choose both vegetable plants and seeds. ...
  5. Be prepared for pests.

When starting a garden What is the first thing you need to do? ›

Prepare the Soil

Use a spading fork or shovel to dig and loosen the soil and break up large chunks of dirt. Rake your garden area and remove grass, weeds, rocks, roots and other debris. Mix in some fresh garden soil with a hoe.

What should I plant first in my vegetable garden? ›

Peas and spinach can be planted as soon as the soil can be worked in March, followed by radishes, beets, carrots, dill, and cilantro a couple weeks later. To sow seeds directly in the garden, draw furrows into the soil surface where you want to sow your seed, then drop seeds into the furrow at the appropriate spacing.

What vegetables grow best together? ›

Which Vegetables Grow Well Together?
VegetableCompanion PlantDon't Plant Together
OnionsBeets, carrots, Swiss chard, lettuce, peppersAll beans and peas
PeasBeans, carrots, corn, cucumbers, radish, turnipGarlic, onions
PotatoesBeans, corn, peasTomatoes
SquashCorn, melons, pumpkinsNone
11 more rows
Jun 26, 2021

What is the best layout for a vegetable garden? ›

As a general rule, put tall veggies toward the back of the bed, mid-sized ones in the middle, and smaller plants in the front or as a border. Consider adding pollinator plants to attract beneficial insects that can not only help you get a better harvest, but will also prey on garden pests.

What is the first thing a gardener sets in a garden? ›

The first thing a gardener typically puts in the garden is soil or a growing medium. The quality and composition of the soil are essential for plant health and growth. Gardeners may prepare the soil by amending it with compost, organic matter, or other nutrients to improve its fertility and structure.

What vegetables should I grow as a beginner? ›

Easy Vegetables To Grow
  • Cool-season types—asparagus, carrots, lettuce, garlic, onions, and radishes—can tolerate a bit of frost, so you can plant them earlier in the season and perhaps plant a second crop to harvest in the fall.
  • Warm-season types cannot tolerate frost at all.
Mar 19, 2024

What do I add to my vegetable garden soil before planting? ›

Once your garden area has been cleared of vegetation, add compost to improve the overall soil structure. Compost helps sandy soils hold more moisture and nutrients, and it makes clay soils lighter and better drained. Compost also adds trace nutrients needed by plants.

How to plant a vegetable garden step by step? ›

How to Plant a Vegetable Garden
  1. Choose the right location. Choose a location for the garden that has plenty of sun, ample space and close proximity to your hose or water source. ...
  2. Select your veggies. ...
  3. Prepare the soil. ...
  4. Check planting dates. ...
  5. Plant the seeds. ...
  6. Add water. ...
  7. Keep the weeds out. ...
  8. Give your plants room to grow.
Aug 9, 2020

How deep should soil be for vegetables? ›

Vegetable Beds: On the other hand, when it comes to vegetable beds, the bed must be approximately 12 to 18 inches deep to ensure adequate depth for the roots of your plants. This is especially important if your raised bed is placed on cement or the patio, which will inhibit roots from growing deeper into the ground.

What is the best soil mixture for a vegetable garden? ›

Gardening magazine's trial of the best soil mixture for raised beds found that a blend of 50% topsoil, 25% coarse sand and 25% compost was best.

What is the first step of beginning a garden? ›

Steps to Creating Your First Garden
  1. Choose Your Garden Type. Before you so much as break the soil, you should decide what kind of garden you want to grow. ...
  2. Pick Your Garden Spot. ...
  3. Test Your Soil. ...
  4. Amend Your Soil. ...
  5. Determine a Weed Strategy. ...
  6. Consider Your Sunlight. ...
  7. Plant Your Plot. ...
  8. Buy Your Plants.
Apr 25, 2023

What are the 5 ways to prepare vegetables? ›

Vegetable techniques
  1. Boiling. Boiling is fast and easy to control. ...
  2. Steaming. Steaming vegetables is the best way of retaining flavour, colour and vital nutrients. ...
  3. Blanching. ...
  4. Roasting. ...
  5. Stir-frying. ...
  6. Griddling.

What are 5 things you should look for when buying fruits and vegetables? ›

Our top tips when shopping for vegetables and fruit
  • Eat seasonally. Eating in-season means you eat food at its best and it's usually less expensive too. ...
  • Buy locally produced. ...
  • Buy loose. ...
  • Find out which veg and fruit have the highest pesticide residues. ...
  • Buy wonky.

What should I do to prepare my garden? ›

Tips to prepare your yard for an outdoor garden:
  1. Tip #1: Perform a Soil Test.
  2. Tip #2: Mow Your Lawn.
  3. Tip #3: Get Rid Of Weeds.
  4. Tip #4: Choose The Right Plants.
  5. Tip #5: Amend Your Soil.
  6. Tip #6: Fertilize Your Plant.
  7. Tip #7: Water Your Plant Regularly.

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